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Gaitway 3D forces plate assembly

The new gaitway 3d is a joint design by h/p/cosmos and Arsalis. It measures the ground reaction forces and torques in three directions and comes in three different deck sizes: 150/50cm, 170/65 and 190/65cm. each size is optimized for a range of speeds.

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Code
118-190
Brand
h/p/cosmos
Origin
Germany
Warranties
12B
Usage
Man Animal
Type
Medical
Licence
110433
Class
2
Non Exchangeable
Non Refundable
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Gaitway 3D forces plate assembly
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  • Step length, width, frequency

  • Swing / stance durations

  • Stride asymmetry

  • Force peaks (push-off, landing)

  • Force vector orientation

  • Loading and unloading rate

  • Left / Right foot for vertical force

  • More biomechanical parameters

  • Contact / aerial durations

Highly accurate 3 component force measurement Fz, Fy, Fx and biofeedback for gait correction on a single-belt treadmill

Gait analysis can provide important information about someone’s kinematic and kinetic motion patterns, risk of falling and balance capabilities. Motion laboratories worldwide utilise tools such as 2D or 3D motion capturing systems, EMG, pressure distribution insoles or platforms and force plates to qualify and quantify the overall movement, especially in walking or running. The new h/p/cosmos® gaitway® 3D is a powerful, innovative and accurate system in biomechanics not only for analysis but also offering on-line biofeedback for corrections in clinical gait rehabilitation and athletic running applications.

Force plates

The evaluation of the external forces acting upon each lower limb may be required, for example to estimate the joint forces and moments developed at the ankle, knee and hip by the inverse dynamic method. The most common ways to measure forces is to use force platforms or instrumented treadmills. Force platforms can accurately measure the six forces and moment components, but while they offer a lower initial investment, they have some disadvantages. For accurate data collection, it is crucial for the subject to hit the platform, with only one foot. Results will be inaccurate if the subject misses the platform, places only one part of the foot on it or touches the plate with both feet. This compels the subject to visually place the feet correctly on the force plates. As a result, kinematic and kinetic parameters and especially the variability of the step length will be affected (Meurisse et al, 2016). Oggero and colleagues (1998) reviewed their trials, and found that only 25% of their subjects would require three or less trials to obtain an accurate trial of one foot. Getting sufficient data for both feet can be therefore very challenging, time consuming, fatiguing and frustrating for investigators and patients and decreases the efficiency of a laboratory. Additionally, a setup utilising force plates requires more space in order to reach and keep a certain speed before hitting the plate. Nevertheless, force plates have to be mounted evenly into the floor, either in a pit our surrounded by a platform, which makes it very difficult to install retrospectively into an existing facility.

Instrumented treadmills

Nowadays there are different commercial instrumented tread­mills available with different specifications. For example, pressure distribution platforms can be integrated underneath the belt of the treadmill. The pressure distribution, various gait and running parameters, COP, foot rotation, pronation, supination, gait symmetry as well as the vertical force can be calculated with the help of this technology (e.g. ZEBRIS). Furthermore an optometric system like the OPTOGAIT (Microgate) can be embedded and measure timing and positioning parameters. Measuring forces with strain gauge or piezo-electric load cells, however, is considered to be state of the art and the gold standard in a biomechanical lab. Force measuring treadmills became increasingly common in bio­mechanical laboratories as an alternative to over ground gait analysis, because they allow for measurement of repetitive strides, require less laboratory space and facilitate the measurement of ground reaction forces through the embedded force plates (Sloot et al., 2014). The initial higher investment will be balanced by a quicker data acquisition and an improved efficiency of the laboratory. Also notable is the possibility to easily regulate the constant speed of the treadmill, ranging from the gait of an elderly individual to a sprinting healthy athlete.

Split-belt and fore-aft arranged treadmills

Because of the occurrence of the double contact phase in human walking, some manufacturers of force measuring treadmills followed the idea of measuring separately the forces under the left and the right foot. Some feature a side-by-side and some a fore-aft arrangement of two independent belts with force plates. In both cases, the belt of the treadmill is split, which requires a specific position for the subject on the treadmill, in order to measure the forces distinctly. This forced position inhibits free and natural movement on a treadmill. For instance, Altman and coworkers (2012) found that the gait width was widened by 3.7 cm, on a side-by-side split-belt treadmill. Moreover, a correlated between this alteration and a reduction in peak knee and hip adduction angle was found. This may have resulted from the more constrained foot placement required as subjects attempted to keep one foot on each belt. They also noted that the 4 mm gap between the belts on the treadmill used in their study is quite narrow compared to the 1-2 cm gaps of most other split-belt treadmills (e.g. BERTEC 20 mm). With gaps 3 to 4 times as wide, the effect on base of gait is likely to be even greater, which will have a more significant effect on kinematics at a possibly medically important level. In addition, Zeni and Higginson (2010) concluded in their research, that step width might be the largest concern when using a split-belt treadmill. Furthermore, initial anxiety when walking on a split-belt treadmill, can cause an unnatural gait pattern.

Force meets pressure and kinematics

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